6. Homoerotic, Homosexual, and Ambisexual Behaviors
Male homosexuality may have been a familiar feature of Chinese life in remote ancient times. The official Chinese historical records indicate that during the Spring-Autumn and Chin-Han Era (770 B.C. to A.D. 24), male same-sex behavior was not a crime or considered immoral behavior. On the contrary, it was sometimes the noble thing to do. For example, in Western Han (206 B.C. to A.D. 8), ten of the eleven emperors each had at least one homosexual lover or shared some same-sex behavior. During the Western and Eastern Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties (A.D. 256 to 581), male homosexuality seemed also acceptable in the broader upper-class society.
Considering the many and varied records of homosexuality in ancient China, one would expect to find evidence of homosexuality in modern China. However, literature regarding contemporary homosexuality is scarce at best, although it is available in Taiwan and Hong Kong. Thus it was a genuine breakthrough when, through a rather unique and unexpected set of events, the situation of homosexuality in China was openly discussed for the first time in a positive context http://www2.hu-berlin.de/sexology/IES/china.html
В Китае никогда не было отвращения к или критики гомосексуализма, скорее наоборот в отдельные периоды , After the Han Dynasty, the general attitude was tolerant, so long as homosexuals fulfilled their filial duties by getting married and continuing the family line.
Remarkably, a calm and dispassionate attitude to the homosexual phenomenon was always prevalent in ancient China. There was neither eulogy, nor criticism. It seemed to do no harm in maintaining traditional family ethics.
И т.д. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-04/01/content_319807.htm
В Японии на протяжении веков вообще считалось (как и в Греции и эллин.мире), что мужская гомосексуальная любовь прекрасней и возвышенней любви мужчины к женщине.
Как пишет один из крупнейших специалистов Saeko Kimura, работает в Токийском Ун-те (один из лучших в мире), в Brif History of Sexuality in Premodern Japan (2010):
Male Love Traditions of the Edo Era
In the preface to The Great Mirror of the Male Love (1687)... Iharu Saikaku (1642-1963) declares the origin of love to be homosexuality, citing The Chronicles of Japan or Nohongi: "... Woman may serve a purpose for the amusement of the retired old men in lands lacking handsome youth, but in a man's lusty prime they are not worthy companions even for conversation. Our entry into gateway of boy love has been delayed enough!" ... Heterosexual relations are thus relegated to the sphere of "retired old men". ... The attendant ladies were so excited by Kichiya's beauty that they threw a drinking party. Meanwhile,a nobleman appeared and became interested in a new woman (i.e. Kichiya). When Kichiya showed he was not a woman by taking off his wig, the nobleman declared "why, this is even better!" Of course, this is an exaggerated example of notion that male-male intercourse is preferable to male-female because the very theme of these stories is male love, but it is important to note how cross-dressing here did not function as a form of disguise and did not affect the nobleman's final view of Kichiya. ... Patriarchal capitalist society requires compulsory heterosexuality, with homosexuality always eliminated as the prime sexual desire. This prohibition is effective because sexuality is deeply linked to identity in such society. Yet in the court stories of the Heian and Kamakura period, sexual desire is not directly linked to sexual orientation and identity. Moreover, the system of sexuality of the court is not nased on the differnce between heterosexual and homosexual orientation but rather "productivity" and "non-productivity". Extant court stories narrate desire found outside the main means of power and reproduction. Tales of love concerning legitimate wives are rare, while stories of forbidden love abound. Therefore, homosexual desire is accepted as a love story in the context of "non-productive sex". (ссылок нет - эта работа у меня в бумаге)
Картинок и прочего о гомосекс. отношениях в Японии и Китае просто море, посмотрите по моим ссылкам например.
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Date: 2012-02-17 10:15 am (UTC)Male homosexuality may have been a familiar feature of Chinese life in remote ancient times. The official Chinese historical records indicate that during the Spring-Autumn and Chin-Han Era (770 B.C. to A.D. 24), male same-sex behavior was not a crime or considered immoral behavior. On the contrary, it was sometimes the noble thing to do. For example, in Western Han (206 B.C. to A.D. 8), ten of the eleven emperors each had at least one homosexual lover or shared some same-sex behavior. During the Western and Eastern Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties (A.D. 256 to 581), male homosexuality seemed also acceptable in the broader upper-class society.
Considering the many and varied records of homosexuality in ancient China, one would expect to find evidence of homosexuality in modern China. However, literature regarding contemporary homosexuality is scarce at best, although it is available in Taiwan and Hong Kong. Thus it was a genuine breakthrough when, through a rather unique and unexpected set of events, the situation of homosexuality in China was openly discussed for the first time in a positive context
http://www2.hu-berlin.de/sexology/IES/china.html
В Китае никогда не было отвращения к или критики гомосексуализма, скорее наоборот в отдельные периоды
,
After the Han Dynasty, the general attitude was tolerant, so long as homosexuals fulfilled their filial duties by getting married and continuing the family line.
Remarkably, a calm and dispassionate attitude to the homosexual phenomenon was always prevalent in ancient China. There was neither eulogy, nor criticism. It seemed to do no harm in maintaining traditional family ethics.
И т.д.
http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-04/01/content_319807.htm
В Японии на протяжении веков вообще считалось (как и в Греции и эллин.мире), что мужская гомосексуальная любовь прекрасней и возвышенней любви мужчины к женщине.
Как пишет один из крупнейших специалистов Saeko Kimura, работает в Токийском Ун-те (один из лучших в мире), в Brif History of Sexuality in Premodern Japan (2010):
Male Love Traditions of the Edo Era
In the preface to The Great Mirror of the Male Love (1687)... Iharu Saikaku (1642-1963) declares the origin of love to be homosexuality, citing The Chronicles of Japan or Nohongi:
"... Woman may serve a purpose for the amusement of the retired old men in lands lacking handsome youth, but in a man's lusty prime they are not worthy companions even for conversation. Our entry into gateway of boy love has been delayed enough!"
...
Heterosexual relations are thus relegated to the sphere of "retired old men".
...
The attendant ladies were so excited by Kichiya's beauty that they threw a drinking party. Meanwhile,a nobleman appeared and became interested in a new woman (i.e. Kichiya). When Kichiya showed he was not a woman by taking off his wig, the nobleman declared "why, this is even better!"
Of course, this is an exaggerated example of notion that male-male intercourse is preferable to male-female because the very theme of these stories is male love, but it is important to note how cross-dressing here did not function as a form of disguise and did not affect the nobleman's final view of Kichiya.
...
Patriarchal capitalist society requires compulsory heterosexuality, with homosexuality always eliminated as the prime sexual desire. This prohibition is effective because sexuality is deeply linked to identity in such society. Yet in the court stories of the Heian and Kamakura period, sexual desire is not directly linked to sexual orientation and identity. Moreover, the system of sexuality of the court is not nased on the differnce between heterosexual and homosexual orientation but rather "productivity" and "non-productivity". Extant court stories narrate desire found outside the main means of power and reproduction. Tales of love concerning legitimate wives are rare, while stories of forbidden love abound. Therefore, homosexual desire is accepted as a love story in the context of "non-productive sex".
(ссылок нет - эта работа у меня в бумаге)
Картинок и прочего о гомосекс. отношениях в Японии и Китае просто море, посмотрите по моим ссылкам например.